Paraphrasing is taking the information and putting it into your own words. This still needs to be cited:
In the book The Water Will Rise, the author shares varying perspectives on rising sea levels and notes that 15% of the icecaps have melted causing damages along the coastline (Smith, 176).
This is when you use a direct quote from a source and take it word for word. You need to cite this:
Ex. In the book The Water Will Rise, the author notes that, "15% of the world's ice caps have melted causing dire distress to animals living along the coast across the globe," (Smith, 176).